¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones representa una...

¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones representa una diferencia fundamental entre las fibras presentes en las capas extracelulares de las plantas y las de los animales? a) Las fibras de planta resisten la compresión; las fibras de animales resisten las fuerzas de tracción. b) Las fibras de animales están compuestas de proteinas; las fibras de plantas tienen en su lugar polisacáridos. c) Las fibras extracelulares de las plantas nunca se mueven; las de los animales pueden deslizarse unas sobre otras. d) Las microfibrillas de celulosa son paralelas unas a otras; los filamentos de colágeno se entrecruzan.

¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones representa una diferencia fundamental entre las fibras presentes en las capas extracelulares de las plantas y las de los animales?
a) Las fibras de planta resisten la compresión; las fibras de animales resisten las fuerzas de tracción.
b) Las fibras de animales están compuestas de proteinas; las fibras de plantas tienen en su lugar polisacáridos.
c) Las fibras extracelulares de las plantas nunca se mueven; las de los animales pueden deslizarse unas sobre otras.
d) Las microfibrillas de celulosa son paralelas unas a otras; los filamentos de colágeno se entrecruzan.

Key Concepts

Extracellular Matrix Composition

The extracellular matrix is a network of macromolecules providing structural and biochemical support to cells. In plants, this matrix is largely made up of polysaccharides, with cellulose being a primary component, while in animals it is predominantly composed of proteins, such as collagen, which impart different mechanical properties to tissues.

Cellulose Microfibrils

Cellulose microfibrils are structural components found in the plant cell wall. These long chains of glucose molecules align in parallel, forming rigid, strong fibers that contribute to the plant’s ability to resist various mechanical stresses.

Collagen Structure

Collagen is a fundamental protein in the animal extracellular matrix that forms fibrous structures. It is characterized by a triple-helical arrangement and extensive cross-linking, providing tissues with tensile strength and flexibility that are essential for maintaining structural integrity.

Transcript

00:01 Hey there, today we're going to discuss extra cellular environments.

00:05 So the extracellular environments that surround animal cells and plant cells vary quite significantly.

00:13 Taking a look at animal cells, animal cells are typically embedded in what's known as the extracellular matrix, also called ecm.

00:23 And the extracellular matrix is composed mostly of different proteins, specifically, collagen composes a vast majority of the structural support of the ecm.

00:36 And collagen is a protein that's composed of three polypeptide chains that kind of braid around each other to form this long strand of collagen.

00:48 And then in addition to that, there are these proteoglycins that make this gel and help to form the ground substance of the ecm.

00:58 So the overall purpose of the ecm is to help anchor and stabilize cells and provide a structural support for that community of cells.

01:07 And the extent of the ecm's role can vary between the different type of tissue that they're found in.

01:16 So, for example, skin cells are really tightly packed.

01:19 So there's a pretty minimal amount of ecm found there.

01:22 Whereas bones are, in bones, there's a lot of ecm to provide that structural support and a few less densely dispersed cells within the ecm.

01:38 And the materials that make up the ecm are secreted by the animal cells and cells, so they can actually influence their own surrounding environment.

01:49 And if we take a look at plant cells, plant cells have something special...

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