Decompose the following matrices into a product of elementary matrices. Then interpret each of the factors as a linear transformation.
(a) $\left(\begin{array}{rr}0 & 2 \\ -3 & 1\end{array}\right)$,
(b) $\left(\begin{array}{rr}1 & 1 \\ -1 & 1\end{array}\right)$,
(c) $\left(\begin{array}{ll}3 & 1 \\ 1 & 2\end{array}\right)$,
(d) $\left(\begin{array}{lll}1 & 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 & 1\end{array}\right)$,
(e) $\left(\begin{array}{lll}1 & 2 & 0 \\ 2 & 4 & 1 \\ 2 & 1 & 1\end{array}\right)$.