Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in...

Name: Problem 16, Chapter 2: Chemistry
Uploaded: 2019-09-11T05:26:21-08:00
Duration: 3 min 23 s
Channel: William Mills
Description: Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes that are used in medical diagnoses: (a) atomic number 9, mass number 18, charge of 1? (b) atomic number 43, mass number 99, charge of 7+ (c) atomic number 53, atomic mass number 131, charge of 1? (d) atomic number 81, atomic mass number 201, charge of 1+ (e) Name the elements in parts (a), (b), (c), and (d).

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes that are used in medical diagnoses: (a) atomic number 9, mass number 18, charge of 1? (b) atomic number 43, mass number 99, charge of 7+ (c) atomic number 53, atomic mass number 131, charge of 1? (d) atomic number 81, atomic mass number 201, charge of 1+ (e) Name the elements in parts (a), (b), (c), and (d).

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes that are used in medical diagnoses:

(a) atomic number 9, mass number 18, charge of 1?
(b) atomic number 43, mass number 99, charge of 7+
(c) atomic number 53, atomic mass number 131, charge of 1?
(d) atomic number 81, atomic mass number 201, charge of 1+
(e) Name the elements in parts (a), (b), (c), and (d).

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Key Concepts

Atomic Number

The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which uniquely identifies the chemical element. In neutral atoms, it also equals the number of electrons, unless the atom is ionized.

Mass Number

The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. This figure is essential for determining the neutron count when the atomic number is known and provides insight into the isotope's mass.

Neutron Determination

Neutrons are calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number. They play a key role in the stability and mass of the nucleus but do not affect the chemical identity of the element.

Ions and Charge

Ions are atoms or molecules that carry an electrical charge, which results from the loss or gain of electrons. The ionic charge reflects the difference between the number of protons and electrons, necessitating adjustments to the neutral atom's electron count.

Medical Isotopes in Nuclear Medicine

Medical isotopes are radioactive forms of elements used in diagnostics and therapy. Their nuclear composition (protons, neutrons, and electrons) is critical for understanding their behavior in biological systems and ensuring their safe and effective application in medical diagnoses.

Transcript

00:01 For this question, we're going to list out the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for each of the elements being described.

00:07 So in a, it says we have an atomic number of 9, a mass number of 18, and a charge of 1 minus.

00:13 So the atomic number is always the number of protons.

00:16 So that would give us 9.

00:19 The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number, so 18 minus 9, is 9.

00:26 The number of electrons is determined by the charge.

00:33 So if we have a charge of one minus, that means we have one more electron than we do protons.

00:38 If we have nine protons, we must have 10 electrons.

00:44 And for b, it says that the atomic number is 43.

00:49 The mass number is 99, and the charge is 7 plus.

00:53 So once again, atomic number is the number of protons.

00:55 We have 43.

00:59 The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number, the difference between 99 and 43 is 56.

01:10 And the charge tells us the difference between the number of electrons and protons.

01:15 So if it's charged a 7 plus, that means there's seven more protons than there are electrons, that would give us 36.

01:24 For c, it says the atomic number is 53, the mass number is 131, and the charge is 1 minus...

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