The given series is
\[ \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} 4\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{k-1}. \]
The first term \( a \) is the term when \( k = 1 \), which is
\[ a = 4\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{1-1} = 4 \cdot 1 = 4. \]
The common ratio \( r \) is the factor by which each
Show more…