Dimethyl sulfoxide [(CH3)2 SO], also called DMSO, is an important solvent that penetrates the sk

Dimethyl sulfoxide [(CH3)2 SO], also called DMSO, is an...

Dimethyl sulfoxide $\left[\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}\right]$, also called DMSO, is an important solvent that penetrates the skin, enabling it to be used as a topical drug-delivery agent. Calculate the number of $\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{S}, \mathrm{H},$ and $\mathrm{O}$ atoms in $7.14 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{~g}$ of dimethyl sulfoxide.

Key Concepts

Molecular Formula Analysis

This concept involves understanding and interpreting the chemical formula to identify the types and numbers of atoms present in one molecule of a compound. In broader chemistry, it is crucial for determining the properties of a substance and planning quantitative calculations.

Molar Mass Calculation

Molar mass is a fundamental concept linking the mass of a substance to the number of moles, calculated by summing the atomic masses of the atoms in the molecule. It is essential for converting between mass and moles in any quantitative chemical analysis.

Mole Concept and Avogadro's Number

The mole is a unit that represents a specified number of particles, typically atoms or molecules, and Avogadro's number defines that quantity (approximately 6.022 x 10^23). This concept is vital in chemistry for bridging the gap between microscopic particles and macroscopic measurements.

Stoichiometric Conversions

Stoichiometry involves quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It relies on the mole concept, molecular formulas, and molar mass to convert between atoms, molecules, and grams, which is fundamental for determining the composition of substances.

Transcript

00:01 So in this question, we are given this, we are given dimethyl sulfoxide, just right here.

00:07 And we are asked to calculate the number of c carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms there are in 7 .14 times 10 to 3 grams.

00:20 So in order to do this, we first need to calculate the molar mass of dimethyl sulf oxide.

00:27 So to do this, we are going to first look at the periodic table to find the mold.

00:31 Mass of each atom.

00:33 So we have carbons right here, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen.

00:38 So we're going to start with carbon.

00:40 So we have two carbons.

00:42 So what we need to do is take 12 times 2 and we're going to add that to we have six hydrogens.

00:52 So we're going to do one times six and then we're going to add that to one sulfur which is 32.

01:01 We're going to add to one oxygen, which is 16.

01:05 And when we add this together, we get the molar mass of dimethyl sulf oxide is 78 grams per mole.

01:17 So now we have that, and we need to figure out, first of all, how many moles of this dimethyl sulf oxide do we have? so we're told that there's 7 .7 .14 times 10, to the 3 grams.

01:39 And we're going to convert that to moles with some dimensional analysis.

01:43 We know that we have 78 grams and one mole.

01:48 Sorry about that.

01:50 One more.

01:53 And if we multiply these together, or rather divide by 78, we get that there are 91 .5 moles of dimethylosof oxide.

02:07 Okay, great.

02:09 So, now we have that.

02:13 Okay.

02:17 I'm just going to rewrite zyamethyl sulf oxide here so we know the formula.

02:22 C .h .3, 2 s .o...