Directions: This section contains multiple choice questions....

Name: Problem 133, Chapter 4: IIT JEE Super Course in Chemistry: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2021-08-27T07:59:40-08:00
Duration: 1 min 18 s
Channel: Alkendra Singh
Description: Directions: This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Which of the following isomeric alcohols has the highest solubility in water? (a)n-butyl alcohol (b) sec-butyl alcohol (c) isobutyl alcohol (d) tert-butyl alcohol

Directions: This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Which of the following isomeric alcohols has the highest solubility in water? (a)n-butyl alcohol (b) sec-butyl alcohol (c) isobutyl alcohol (d) tert-butyl alcohol

Directions: This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
Which of the following isomeric alcohols has the highest solubility in water?
(a)n-butyl alcohol
(b) sec-butyl alcohol
(c) isobutyl alcohol
(d) tert-butyl alcohol

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Key Concepts

Structural Isomerism in Organic Molecules

This concept refers to molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. In alcohols, different isomers can exhibit varying degrees of water solubility based on how their atoms are arranged, which affects the exposure and impact of the hydrophilic hydroxyl group compared to the hydrophobic alkyl parts.

Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding

This concept explains that alcohols contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group which is capable of forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. These hydrogen bonds are a key factor in the solubility of substances in water, as they help overcome the disruption of water’s hydrogen-bonding network when a solute is introduced.

Hydrophobic versus Hydrophilic Balance

This concept involves evaluating the relative size and influence of the hydrophobic alkyl chain versus the hydrophilic hydroxyl group in alcohols. A smaller or more compact alkyl group paired with the polar hydroxyl group generally enhances water solubility, as there is less hydrophobic surface area to deter interaction with water.

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