During meiosis but not during mitosis: a) haploid gametes...

Name: Problem 9, Chapter 6: What Is Life? A Guide to Biology
Uploaded: 2020-06-28T01:24:36-08:00
Duration: 3 min 22 s
Channel: Jenny Wu
Description: During meiosis but not during mitosis: a) haploid gametes are produced that are all identical in their allelic composition. b) division of the cytoplasm occurs. c) chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during metaphase. d) genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased. e) two identical daughter cells are produced.

During meiosis but not during mitosis: a) haploid gametes are produced that are all identical in their allelic composition. b) division of the cytoplasm occurs. c) chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during metaphase. d) genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased. e) two identical daughter cells are produced.

During meiosis but not during mitosis:
a) haploid gametes are produced that are all identical in their allelic composition.
b) division of the cytoplasm occurs.
c) chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during metaphase.
d) genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased.
e) two identical daughter cells are produced.

Key Concepts

Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes. It involves two successive divisions leading to four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. This reduction in chromosome number is essential for maintaining species-specific chromosome counts upon fertilization.

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell. It is used primarily for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction and maintains the same chromosome number in the daughter cells as in the parent cell.

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the differences in the genetic makeup among cells. In meiosis, mechanisms such as crossing over and independent assortment shuffle alleles between homologous chromosomes, producing genetically diverse gametes. This variation is critical for evolution and adaptation in sexually reproducing populations.

Haploid Cells

Haploid cells contain a single set of chromosomes, which is half the genetic content of diploid cells. Meiosis produces haploid gametes, ensuring that when two gametes fuse during fertilization, the diploid chromosome number is restored.

Transcript

00:01 So first of all, we are going to go through the major difference between myosis and mitosis by using this chart.

00:08 And then we go back to the question.

00:12 So after myosis, two daughter cells are being produced versus two daughter cell in mitosis.

00:20 And the daughter cells after myosis are haploid, which means there are only one copy of versus diploid in mitosis, which is two copies of chromosome.

00:35 And so that means the cells that produce from myosis usually are gametes, either sperm or eggs, while in mitosis, the diploid cells are body cell or somatic cells.

00:45 In myosis, there are two rounds of cell division, myosis one and two, while in mitosis there's only one round of cell division.

00:53 And there's another very distinct feature that only happens in myosis, but it's a lot of but not mitosis, it's a crossing over event.

01:01 This happens at prophase 1.

01:03 So during this process, the two homologous chromosomes, one paternal and one maternal, they actually form a synapsis and the genetic content are being exchanged during this process.

01:16 So this actually increased the genetic variations and this process does not happen in mitosis, which has no crossing over between cystocromatid.

01:26 So as a result, the daughter cell that coming out of myosis actually are genetically non -identical.

01:33 And this is because the crossing over happens at prophus 1.

01:37 So the genetic content is being exchanged between paternal and maternal homologous chromosome.

01:45 And so there is a new chromosome combination being created.

01:49 While in mitosis, two daughter cells are genetically identical.

01:54 All right.

01:55 So these are the major differences...

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