Explain as precisely as you can but in no more than 100 words the ionic basis of an action poten

Explain as precisely as you can but in no more than 100...

Key Concepts

Axonal Conduction

The action potential propagates along the axon as each segment sequentially reaches threshold, ensuring the rapid and continuous transmission of the electrical signal.

Depolarization and Repolarization

Depolarization occurs when sodium channels open, allowing an influx of Na+ that raises membrane potential; repolarization follows as potassium channels open, allowing K+ to exit, restoring the resting state.

Ionic Gradients

Differential concentrations of ions across the membrane establish a resting membrane potential. These gradients are crucial for driving the directional movement of ions during an action potential.

Voltage-Gated Ion Channels

These are membrane proteins that open or close in response to voltage changes, allowing specific ions such as sodium and potassium to flow across the neuronal membrane. Their activation initiates and shapes the action potential.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, one of the answer to this question is talk about how the action potential develops.

00:05 Okay, so this is normally an excitable cell.

00:08 Okay, normally this is going to have a normal voltage for a wasting memory potential of minus 70 milibols.

00:15 Okay, let's suppose it.

00:16 And practically the inside of a cell, the intracellular is going to be electronegative and the extracellular is going to be electropositive, okay? so, when this cell wants to develop an ultra -positive, okay? then a stimulus is going to cure.

00:33 And let's suppose this is the voltage, okay, of this cell.

00:38 Here you have minus 70 milibolts, okay? and this is going to be the resting memory potential.

00:44 Okay, so in order when a stimulus comes, the voltage of the cell is going to rise a little.

00:51 Okay, but it is not an action potential yet.

00:53 In order to develop an action potential, the voltage has to get a threshold potential that is minus 70 mili volts.

01:00 Okay, there is a round here.

01:01 So once this voltage gets to the threshold potential, action potential is going to occur.

01:09 Okay? this step here is called depolarization.

01:14 And occurs because when after reaching the threshold potential, voltage gated, voltage gated sodium channels are going to open.

01:30 And practically, sodium ions, a lot of sodium ions are going to enter the cell.

01:34 And as sodium ios are positively charged, they are going to make this voltage less negative, okay? and particularly the voltage is going to rise up to about positive 30 milli volts, okay? after when the voltage gets to this point, the voltage -gated sodium channels are going to close, and the voltage, or well, at this point here, other channels are going to open, and they are voltage, voltage -gated potassium channels.

02:09 So this voltage is going to decrease.

02:14 And why? because, well, if this voltage -gated potassium charters are going to move, potassium channels down the concentration gradient...

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