Explain each statement in detail using resonance structures....

Explain each statement in detail using resonance structures. a. A phenyl group (C$_6$H$_5 -$ ) is an ortho, para director that activates a benzene ring toward electrophilic attack. b. A nitroso group ($-$NO) is an ortho, para director that deactivates a benzene ring toward electrophilic attack.

Explain each statement in detail using resonance structures.
a. A phenyl group (C$_6$H$_5 -$ ) is an ortho, para director that activates a benzene ring toward electrophilic attack.
b. A nitroso group ($-$NO) is an ortho, para director that deactivates a benzene ring toward electrophilic attack.

Transcript

00:02 Now the question is explain each statement in detail using resonance structures.

00:10 First is a phenyl group c6h5 is an orthoparadirator that activates a benzene ring towards electrophilic attack.

00:26 So first we are taking this statement.

00:34 Phenyl group is electron releasing group so if the benzene ring is present here and phenyl is here then it is releasing electrons and by that it is increasing electron density in the second ring and making it more active towards electrophilic attack.

01:26 So it will be electron rich particularly at ortho and para position.

01:35 So that is how it is activating the benzene ring.

01:41 And orthopara attack, we can explain on the basis of resonant structures also.

01:49 So here it is given that when ortho attack is taking place, the resonating structures of the intermediate are this.

02:02 And out of this, this one, fourth structure, third is a resonating structure, is stabilizes this positive charge at the carbon, which is directly attached to c6h5, is stabilized by c6h5, and that is why this intermediate is quite stable and we are getting the preferred structure that is orthocompot.

02:37 In case of meta, resonating structures are there but no resonating structure is stable.

02:46 We are looking for the positive charge in the structure where it is directly attached to c6h5.

02:57 That structure is not here and that is why this intermediate is not stable and we are not getting the preferred structure by meta -tech.

03:11 Whereas in case of para again we can see in the resonating structure this stable intermediate causative charge at the carbon where c6h5 is present is stabilizing it and by that the preferred compound para is found.

03:41 So by resonating structure also it is quite clear that a phenyl group is an orthoparadirator that activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic attic.

03:57 In case of second statement, a nitroso group, n .o...

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