Explain the features of the Initiator (Inr) elements, BREs, DPEs, and MTEs of focused promoters.

Name: Problem 11, Chapter 16: Essentials of Genetics
Uploaded: 2019-09-06T03:01:06-08:00
Duration: 7 min
Channel: Kevin Chimex
Description: Explain the features of the Initiator (Inr) elements, BREs, DPEs, and MTEs of focused promoters.

Explain the features of the Initiator (Inr) elements, BREs,...

Key Concepts

Motif Ten Element (MTE)

The Motif Ten Element (MTE) is a core promoter element located near the DPE, typically spanning positions just downstream of the transcription start site. It works in conjunction with the Inr and DPE to enhance the binding of the transcriptional machinery, thus playing an important role in the regulation of gene expression in focused promoters.

Downstream Promoter Element (DPE)

The Downstream Promoter Element (DPE) is found downstream of the transcription start site and serves as an alternative or complementary motif to the TATA box in promoters that lack it. By interacting with transcription factors, the DPE contributes to the accurate initiation of transcription and modulates the activity of the core promoter.

TFIIB Recognition Element (BRE)

The TFIIB Recognition Element (BRE) is typically located immediately upstream or downstream of the TATA box or Inr element. This element is recognized by the TFIIB protein, enhancing the recruitment and positioning of RNA polymerase II during the formation of the transcription pre-initiation complex, thereby influencing transcriptional efficiency.

Initiator (Inr) Element

The Initiator element (Inr) is a core promoter motif positioned at the transcription start site. It plays a pivotal role in defining the exact location of transcription initiation and can function as a binding site for components of the transcription machinery, often compensating for the absence of a TATA box.

Focused Promoters

Focused promoters are regions of DNA that contain a single dominant transcription start site. They usually consist of specific sequence motifs arranged in a well-defined architecture, allowing precise recruitment of the basal transcription machinery. This structure contrasts with dispersed promoters that have multiple start sites over a broader region.

Transcript

00:01 In this question, we are told to explain the contributions of devereignor and newlands to the organization of the elements according to their properties.

00:14 So we have here two scientists.

00:17 The first one is devereanor.

00:23 And the second one is newland.

00:32 So devereignia works with the triad system.

00:37 It described a triad arrangement of elements, it's got triad system or arrangement.

00:46 It's got triad system or arrangement.

00:55 And it is basically a system where the berener noticed that, let me just explain it.

01:07 So initially, back in the 1800s, periodic table was not an existence, and chemists were trying to find the way to to organize elements.

01:20 So dubreiner noticed there was a pattern within some certain elements.

01:27 And these elements have the same physical and chemical property.

01:32 And that was how he came up with the durbanial loss of triad.

01:39 So if you put the elements that the berena discovered, if you arrange them in of the atomic masses you will discover that the average molar mass of the first and the third one gives the molar mass of the second one so for example if you look at the group seven or the halogens you have chlorine bromine and hyodine chlorine the isotope 35 as a molar mass of 35 and then bromine has a molymouth of c, a mass number, say, of about 80, and hyardin has a mass number of 1 .27.

02:43 Okay, so if we take one, if you take the first one and the third one, in which case is 35 of chlorine and 207 for hyodine.

03:01 So if we take them and we'll sum them up and we'll find a average of the value by dividing by 2, we'll get 80.

03:14 And in this case, it's going to be 35 plus 127 divided by 2 gives us 81.

03:26 And that is close to bromine mass number...

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