For each of the following reactions, predict the products,...

For each of the following reactions, predict the products, converting each to a balanced formula equation: (a) Aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are mixed together. (Heat is released during the reaction.) (b) Aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide are mixed together. (The solution turns cloudy white during the reaction.) (c) Aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed together. (The solution turns cloudy white during the reaction.) (d) Solid calcium carbonate is mixed with acetic acid. (Bubbles of gas are formed during the reaction.)

For each of the following reactions, predict the products, converting each to a balanced formula equation:
(a) Aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are mixed together. (Heat is released during the reaction.)
(b) Aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide are mixed together. (The solution turns cloudy white during the reaction.)
(c) Aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed together. (The solution turns cloudy white during the reaction.)
(d) Solid calcium carbonate is mixed with acetic acid. (Bubbles of gas are formed during the reaction.)

Key Concepts

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations is the process of ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is conserved in a chemical reaction. This involves adjusting the stoichiometric coefficients in the chemical equation so that the law of conservation of mass is satisfied. It is a fundamental skill in chemistry that ensures accurate representation of the reactants and products in any chemical reaction.

Double Displacement Reaction

A double displacement reaction, also known as a metathesis reaction, is one in which parts of two ionic compounds in aqueous solutions swap places to form two new compounds. These reactions often result in the formation of a precipitate, a gas, or a weak electrolyte. This type of reaction is critical for predicting the products of reactions between aqueous ionic species.

Precipitation Reaction

A precipitation reaction occurs when two aqueous solutions are combined and an insoluble solid, called a precipitate, forms. This reaction is guided by solubility rules which help predict whether a particular ionic compound will dissolve in water or form a solid. Understanding this concept is essential for identifying the products of double displacement reactions in water-based solutions.

Neutralization Reaction

A neutralization reaction is a chemical process where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt. This type of reaction is typically exothermic, meaning it releases heat, and requires the balancing of reactant ions to ensure that the net products are electrically neutral. It is a fundamental reaction in acid-base chemistry, illustrating how the properties of acids and bases combine and neutralize each other.

Acid-Carbonate Reaction

An acid-carbonate reaction involves the reaction of an acid with a carbonate (or bicarbonate), resulting in the formation of a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas. The release of carbon dioxide is typically observed as bubbling or fizzing. This reaction is an important example of gas evolution reactions and helps illustrate the reactivity of carbonates with acids.

Transcript

00:01 In this question, we've been given some systems and we've been asked to predict the solubility of the products that are going to be formed.

00:08 That is, are there any reactions that are going to actually okay? now, looking at the first one, what we have is ammonium sulfate reacting with barium chloride.

00:22 So what is going to happen here? we're going to have barium sulfate plus ammonium chloride as a double replacement reaction.

00:30 So what is going to happen here according to the solubility rules here.

00:35 This is going to be a solid.

00:37 Parium sulfate is insoluble.

00:40 So this is going to be a solid and we have ammonium chloride which is soluble.

00:45 This is an acous solution.

00:47 And in terms of barium chloride, all these are acous solutions.

00:52 So this is already balanced as is if we put two moles of ammonium chloride.

00:58 And then moving on to the next one.

00:59 Let's just write the formulas of na2so4, the sodium sulfate, and we also have ammonium nitrate.

01:14 So if this happens, if we have such a system, both of these are soluble in solution, or rather in water.

01:24 So what is going to happen is we don't be having any reaction because if both of these are soluble, at the end of the day, in solution we are still going to to be having the same species same ions that are going to be in solution in the products and in the reactants this reaction occurred because we are forming a new compound that is a solid but if this were in arqueous if barium sulphate were in arqueous solution at the end of the day we're still going to be having barium sulphate ammonium and chloride ions in solution and also barium chloride ammonium and sulphate solutions that were in the reactiflufate so at the end of the day, this wouldn't have been a reactant, such as the case that we have here...

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