For each of the following reactions, write the chemical...

For each of the following reactions, write the chemical formulas and balance the equations: (a) sodium + hydrogen $\rightarrow$ sodium hydride (b) aluminum + sulfur $\rightarrow$ aluminum sulfide (c) steam $+$ carbon $\rightarrow$ carbon monoxide + hydrogen (d) phosphorus trichloride $+$ chlorine $\rightarrow$ phosphorus pentachloride

For each of the following reactions, write the chemical formulas and balance the equations:
(a) sodium + hydrogen $\rightarrow$ sodium hydride
(b) aluminum + sulfur $\rightarrow$ aluminum sulfide
(c) steam $+$ carbon $\rightarrow$ carbon monoxide + hydrogen
(d) phosphorus trichloride $+$ chlorine $\rightarrow$ phosphorus pentachloride

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Key Concepts

Chemical Formulas

This concept involves representing substances using symbols for elements and subscripts to denote the number of atoms present in a molecule or compound. It requires familiarity with the periodic table and common oxidation states to correctly write compounds based on the elements involved in a reaction.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations ensures that the number of atoms for each element in the reactants equals the number of atoms for each element in the products. It is essential for correctly representing chemical reactions as it reflects the conservation of matter.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It uses balanced chemical equations to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced, making it a fundamental tool in both laboratory and industrial chemistry.

Conservation of Mass

The conservation of mass principle states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. This concept underpins the need to balance equations, ensuring that the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products in any chemical process.

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