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For the reaction $\mathrm{R} \rightarrow \mathrm{P}$, the concentration of a reactant changes from $0.03 \mathrm{M}$ to $0.02 \mathrm{M}$ in 25 minutes. Calculate the average rate of reaction using units of time both in minutes and seconds.
Chemistry 102
Chapter 4
Chemical Kinetics
Section 1
Rate of a Chemical Reaction
Kinetics
Rice University
Drexel University
University of Maryland - University College
Lectures
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So first we need to go one by one through this reactant to products and figure out how we would express the rate in terms of its changing concentrations. So for n 20 we would say that the rate is equal to since it's a reacting and this constellations go go down, we put a negative in front to create is always applauds the value such as how chemist to find it. And so we take a negative times the concentration changing and 20 over the change in time. And remember, we always divide by the cowfish in front of it to balance out by the fact that, like you see oh, to be produced half assed fast as and Chuo is gonna be consumed because that that too in front sort of balance to you to rationalize and to take care of this discrepancy. We always divide by the cowfish in front. And so this is our expression for rate in terms of concentration that you owe. Now let's do end to the cowfish in front of and to here is to and so or rate is just gonna equal the change in the concentration and to over the change in time divided by two no negative needed because the concentration meant he was going to increase. As the reaction goes on 02 is the simplest one here because there is ah, no cowfish in front of its on the right just simply equals the change in concentration 02 over the change in time. Now we're told for the second part that we have 015 moles produced over the course of 15 seconds in 8.5 liter container. Now, the reason I did this divided moles per leaders because this is a concentration right here. We want to get something, you malaria. And so remember polarity concentration is moles per liter. And so making that division gives us that we have a 0.3 Moeller concentration at the end of those 15 seconds. So that's where our changes we plug in that 0.3 up here. We're plugging in 15 seconds down here and we're gonna get that the rate, um, its average instantaneous. But the average rate for a change, you know, to is gonna be equal to two times 10. So negative third moles per liter per second salmon similarity for second. And so now, in order to figure out what's going off and too well, we're gonna basically take this value That's two times sense. Negative. Third and plug it in right here for a rate. That's what we found two times 10 Snegur. Third, you would multiply by two here to get that end to alone. And so the change in concentration and 20 over T is equal to two times sense. Negative four most pearl ears per second. It's, ah, really negative because it the constellations going down. That's why this negative sign this year and so putting that negative value, you have to use a little of intuition. You can't just blindly follow formula or else you really likely to make a mistake. Conscious, eventually is going down because to react, interview. Negative of that
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