For the transistor network of Fig. 18.118 hf e=80, hi e=1.2 kΩ hr e=1.5 × 10^-4

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For the transistor network of Fig. 18.118 hf e=80, ...

For the transistor network of Fig. 18.118 \[ \begin{array}{c} h_{f e}=80, \quad h_{i e}=1.2 \mathrm{k} \Omega \\ h_{r e}=1.5 \times 10^{-4}, \quad h_{o e}=20 \mu \mathrm{S} \end{array} \] Determine the following: (a) voltage gain $A_{v}=V_{o} / V_{s}$ (b) current gain $A_{i}=I_{o} / I_{i}$ (c) input impedance $Z_{\text {in }}$ (d) output impedance $Z_{\text {out }}$

For the transistor network of Fig. 18.118
\[
\begin{array}{c}
h_{f e}=80, \quad h_{i e}=1.2 \mathrm{k} \Omega \\
h_{r e}=1.5 \times 10^{-4}, \quad h_{o e}=20 \mu \mathrm{S}
\end{array}
\]
Determine the following:
(a) voltage gain $A_{v}=V_{o} / V_{s}$
(b) current gain $A_{i}=I_{o} / I_{i}$
(c) input impedance $Z_{\text {in }}$
(d) output impedance $Z_{\text {out }}$

Key Concepts

Output Impedance

Output impedance represents the resistance seen by the load connected to the transistor's output. It affects how well the amplifier can drive the load, influencing factors such as voltage drop and overall efficiency in transferring the amplified signal.

Current Gain

Current gain is the ratio of the output current to the input current in an amplifier. It indicates how much the transistor amplifies the input current, reflecting its capability to drive subsequent stages or loads with larger currents.

Input Impedance

Input impedance is the effective resistance that an input signal 'sees' when it is applied to the transistor network. This parameter is crucial for ensuring proper matching with preceding circuit stages and for minimizing signal loss or unwanted loading effects.

Voltage Gain

Voltage gain in a transistor circuit is defined as the ratio of the output voltage (V_o) to the input voltage (V_s). It quantifies how effectively the circuit amplifies an input voltage, taking into account both the intrinsic properties of the transistor and the surrounding passive network components.

h-Parameter Model

The h-parameter model is a linearized, small-signal representation of a transistor that uses hybrid parameters such as h_fe (forward current gain), h_ie (input impedance), h_re (reverse voltage transfer ratio), and h_oe (output admittance) to simplify the analysis of amplifier circuits. This model is especially useful for determining amplifier gains and impedances in a systematic way.

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