Ga is below Al in the periodic table, but atomic radius of Ga is less than Al. It is because of

step 1 Here we have given question is, question 32, that is, gallium is below aluminum in the periodabl

Ga is below Al in the periodic table, but atomic radius of...

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Key Concepts

Lanthanoid Contraction

Lanthanoid contraction refers to the phenomenon where the f-electrons in the lanthanide series do not shield the nuclear charge efficiently, resulting in a stronger effective nuclear charge for the outer electrons. This increased pull causes the atomic radius of elements following the lanthanides in the periodic table to be smaller than expected, despite an increase in atomic number.

Atomic Radius

Atomic radius is a fundamental property that measures the size of an atom, typically defined by the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell. This property generally increases down a group in the periodic table due to the addition of electron shells, but anomalies can occur because of other factors influencing electron interactions.

Effective Nuclear Charge and Shielding Effect

Effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by electrons in an atom after accounting for the repulsive effects of inner (core) electrons, which is known as the shielding effect. Variations in how effectively inner electrons shield the outer electrons can lead to unexpected trends in atomic size, deviating from the simple increase with additional electron shells.

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