Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:

Name: Problem 2, Chapter 15: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-05-18T14:27:31-08:00
Duration: 12 min 59 s
Channel: Mercedes Mazza
Description: Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:

Key Concepts

Substituent Naming and Positioning

Substituent naming involves identifying groups attached to the parent chain and assigning them position numbers to indicate their location. These substituents are listed in the compound name in alphabetical order, which is key for creating a clear and organized nomenclature.

Parent Chain Identification

Identifying the parent chain, which is typically the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms that includes the principal functional group, is a critical step in organic nomenclature. The parent chain forms the basis for the molecule’s name and numbering system.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry deals with the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule. When applicable in IUPAC naming, descriptors such as R/S or cis/trans are used to convey the spatial orientation of substituents, which is essential for a complete description of the molecule's structure.

Organic Compound Nomenclature Rules

This set of rules involves selecting the longest carbon chain as the parent structure, identifying and naming substituents, and applying appropriate prefixes and suffixes. It is essential for providing a clear and systematic approach to naming complex organic molecules.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that dictate the chemical reactivity and properties of the compounds. Recognizing and correctly naming these groups is vital because they influence the suffixes and overall structure of the IUPAC name.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method of naming chemical compounds as established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a uniform standard for naming compounds, ensuring that each name uniquely identifies a specific chemical structure.

Transcript

00:01 Solving problem 2 of chapter 15.

00:08 Give upac names for the following compounds.

00:15 So let's start with the first structure.

00:33 So we have a benzene ring with the chlorine substituent and the bromine substitute.

00:40 Now we can start numbering the carbon of the benzene ring, starting from here.

00:47 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

00:56 So we start numbering from here, and then we go in this direction in order to give to the second substituent the lower number possible.

01:06 So instead of having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, we go 1, 2, 3.

01:13 Then we start naming the 2 substituent and finally the principal group that is the benzene.

01:21 So in position 1 we have bromo.

01:27 So it's going to be 1 bromon.

01:32 In position 3 we have a chlorine.

01:35 So it's going to be 3 chloro.

01:41 And then finally we have the principal group that is the benzene group.

01:46 So 3 chloro benzene.

01:53 The second one was this one.

02:06 Sorry.

02:12 Again and we have ch 2 ch 2 ch 2 ch 3 c h 3 ok so in this case we basically only have one substituent it is a long chain so composed by more than one group by more than one carbon atom but it is only one single substituent because the same long chains is connected to the same to only one carbon.

03:14 So we only have to name this chain and then finally the benzene.

03:20 Let's count how many carbon atom we have in this alkyne chain.

03:25 One, two, three, four, five in total.

03:29 So the name when we have five carbon is pentane.

03:33 Now we have a linear chain except that for this methyl group connected in here.

03:42 So in this case, the chain is going to be named isopentene.

03:48 Since it is a substitute on the principal group that is the benzene ring, so this chain is going to be called isopentil.

03:58 So we have isopentil, benzene.

04:08 Benzene.

04:13 In this case, we don't need to put a number in here because again, we only have one substituent, so we don't need to.

04:21 Okay.

04:22 The second molecule, the third, sorry, molecule is this one.