00:01
When translating a name into a structure, we need to look for several elements.
00:06
We look for an indication of what functional group is present.
00:11
We need to locate the parent chain or ring and determine its size based on the name.
00:20
And then we need to identify substituents that might be attached.
00:26
And those can be minor functional groups or carbon branches.
00:31
And then we need to know where the substituents are attached based on the numerical locant.
00:39
So the name like secbutal, terputal, ether tells us there's an ether functional group, which is an oxygen with two r groups singly bonded to it.
00:51
One of which is a secbutal, the other is a turpudal.
00:54
So both of those groups have four carbons.
00:58
They differ in how the carbons are connected to each other and how they're connected to the functional group.
01:05
The secbutal has the four carbons in a chain with the connection at the secondary carbon.
01:14
And the terpial group has the carbons arranged in a t -shaped.
01:21
And the connection point is to the tertiary carbon in the middle.
01:28
When we see iso something like isoheptyl, what we do is take the appropriate chain length, take a carbon off the end, and then make a branch at the next to last carbon.
01:44
So heptil is seven carbons.
01:48
So isoheptil means there will be a six carbon chain with a methyl branch coming off the fifth carbon.
01:57
And this is isohephtal alcohol.
02:00
So alcohol is the functional group.
02:03
And that will be at the first position or the end position farthest away from the methyl branch.
02:17
Secbutyl amine.
02:19
We already covered what a secbutal group is.
02:21
Amine is nitrogen with three single bonded attachments, either hydrogens or r groups.
02:31
So secbutal tells us there's just one r group, so that means the other two bonds must be to hydrogens.
02:39
Neopental bromide.
02:42
Neopentel is the isomeric form of five -carbon group, where the five carbons are arranged in a cross or a plus or an x arrangement.
02:58
And the neopental bromide, the bromine is attached to one of the carbons on the outer part of that, not the central carbon.
03:13
1 -1 -dymethyl cyclohexane tells us there's a six -membered ring, cyclone's ring, and hexane is six.
03:21
So a six -member drain with two methyl branches, and both of them are coming off the one carbon.
03:31
Similarly, four -five di -isopropyl nonane.
03:36
Isopropyl is a three -carbon group where the connection is at the middle of the three carbons.
03:44
So we have essentially a methyl branch coming off in a two -carbon chain in that case.
03:52
One of the isopropyl groups is at the fourth carbon, the other is at the fifth carbon of the nine carbon chain...