Give the condensed structural formula for 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane.

Name: Problem 17, Chapter 22: Holt: Modern Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-06-04T20:45:01-08:00
Duration: 7 min 37 s
Channel: Carina Carlos
Description: Give the condensed structural formula for 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane.

Give the condensed structural formula for...

Key Concepts

Branching in Organic Compounds

Branching refers to the attachment of side chains or substituents to the main carbon chain in an organic molecule. Recognizing where and how these branches occur is important for both naming the compound under IUPAC rules and accurately writing its condensed structure.

Condensed Structural Formula

This is a simplified way to represent an organic molecule’s structure using letters and numbers to denote atoms and their connectivities without drawing all the bonds explicitly. It captures the arrangement of the main chain and substituents in a compact form, making it easier to visualize the molecular framework.

IUPAC Nomenclature

A systematic method for naming organic compounds, IUPAC nomenclature assigns specific names based on the size of the carbon chain and the positions of substituents. This method ensures that each compound has a unique and unambiguous name based on its structural features.

Transcript

00:01 In order to begin this problem, the first thing that we're going to do is convert the name to a partially condensed formula.

00:14 And once we get the partially condensed formula, we'll be able to draw our condensed formula.

00:21 So let's begin by first looking at the backbone carbon.

00:28 When we look at the name that we were given and we look at the very end, we're going to see the characteristics of our carbon backbone.

00:39 So starting with the prefix of pent, pent means that we are going to have five carbons in our backbone.

00:48 Let's draw them in now.

01:03 In addition, aen means it's going to be an alkan.

01:15 And recall that alkanes are only comprised of single bonds between the carbons.

01:21 So we can draw those in as well.

01:27 Now that we have that, we can move on to the functional groups.

01:33 First, i'm going to number these carbons left to run.

01:37 Right so that the left most is carbon number one and the right most is going to be carbon and number five now that we know what carbon is what number we can look at these numbers in the front of the name you were given and that's going to indicate where our functional groups are going to be attached so here we have two twos so that means we know we're going to have two carbons or we're going to have two functional groups attached to carbon number two.

02:18 We also have two fours, so we're also going to have two functional groups attached to carbon number four.

02:26 The functional group that we're going to draw in is going to be methyl.

02:37 So methyl, as you might recall, is ch3.

02:54 So in a partially condensed formula, i'm just going to write ch3.

02:59 I'm not going to draw all the single bonds.

03:20 Now that we have our functional groups attached, we can fill in all of our hydrogens so that each of our carbons has four bonds so this carbon is going to need three hydrogens because it has one bond already so i'm going to write h3 this carbon carbon number two is going to have four bonds already so we don't need to add any more hydrogens carbon number three has two bonds so it will need two hydrogens carbon number four just like carbon number two also has four bonds already so we don't need to add any more hydrogens.

04:08 Carbon number five, like carbon number one, only has one bond, so we can fill in the rest of hydrogens.

04:16 That's going to be h3...

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