Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: (EQUATION CANNOT COPY)

Name: Problem 2, Chapter 12: Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-06-08T20:25:24-08:00
Duration: 4 min 11 s
Channel: Allison Krajewski
Description: Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: (EQUATION CANNOT COPY)

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: (EQUATION...

Key Concepts

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry involves describing the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups within a molecule. In IUPAC nomenclature, stereochemical descriptors (such as R/S for chiral centers and E/Z for double bonds) are included in the compound’s name when necessary to differentiate stereoisomers, thus providing a complete picture of the molecule's three-dimensional structure.

Functional Group Priority

When multiple functional groups are present, IUPAC rules assign a priority order that dictates which group is considered the principal functional group (and consequently influences the suffix of the compound's name) and which groups are treated as substituents. This hierarchy is vital to ensure consistency and clarity in compound naming.

Numbering of the Carbon Chain

Numbering the carbon chain is performed to assign the lowest possible locants to the principal functional group as well as to substituents. This process follows specific rules to ensure that the positions of all substituents and functional groups are unambiguously defined in the compound’s name.

Parent Chain Identification

Identifying the parent chain involves selecting the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in a molecule that contains the principal functional group. This chain serves as the backbone of the compound, and its identification is critical because it determines the base name of the compound as well as influences the numbering of substituents.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is the systematic method developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry to name chemical compounds in a clear, standardized way. It ensures that every compound has a unique and descriptive name that reflects its molecular structure, which is crucial for effective scientific communication.

Substituent Identification and Naming

Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms attached to the parent chain. Their identification, correct naming, and placement through numbering are essential in the IUPAC system, as they modify the base name of the compound and provide detailed information about the molecule’s structure.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, so for this problem, you want to give the official iupac name for each of these structures.

00:08 So let's start with the first one.

00:10 For the first one, you have an oh group, and by default, this is going to be on carbon 1.

00:19 The way you want to number this ring is you want to give any substituents that are hanging out on the ring the lowest possible number.

00:28 So if you start numbering these carbons clockwise, you have one, two, two, three.

00:35 If you were to kind of number these carbons in the opposite direction, you would have one, two, three, four, five.

00:41 And because three is lower than five, you would number the ring in this way.

00:47 So the order of when you go to put all of these subs, sorry, all of the pieces of the name together, you start with your substituent.

00:55 So the ch2, ch3 is an ethyl group.

00:59 And because it's on carbon three, you would call this three ethyl.

01:05 And now you have an oh on carbon 1.

01:07 So you can either call it 1 phenol, or because you assume that oxygen is going to be on carbon 1 already, you can just call this 3 -ethylphenol.

01:25 Okay.

01:26 So let's look at the second one now.

01:28 For the second one, when you're going to name this, you want to identify the longest carbon chain that contains your oh group, and you see your oh group here.

01:41 And you want to number these carbons in a way that gives this oh group the lowest possible number.

01:47 So if you start from the carbon that's bonded directly to the oxygen, you would have one, two, three, and four...

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