Give the oxidation state of the metal, number of d...

Labs

Want to see this concept in action?

NEW

Explore this concept interactively to see how it behaves as you change inputs.

View Labs

Key Concepts

Ligand Field Theory

Ligand field theory describes how the degeneracy of the d orbitals in a metal ion is lifted by the approach of surrounding ligands, leading to energy splitting of these orbitals. The extent of splitting, influenced by the ligand’s field strength, determines whether the arrangement of electrons will be high-spin or low-spin and thereby predicts the number of unpaired electrons in the complex.

Oxidation State Determination

This concept involves calculating the formal charge on the central atom in a complex by accounting for the charges contributed by the ligands and the overall charge of the compound. It is essential for understanding the electron count around the metal and its reactivity.

Electron Configuration of Transition Metal Ions

Determining the number of d electrons in a transition metal ion is done by starting with the electron configuration of the neutral metal and subtracting electrons according to its oxidation state. This count is key to predicting chemical properties such as bonding and magnetic behavior.

Transcript

00:02 So in this question, we want to determine the oxidation state of the metal, which is cobalt, right? and the number of d electrons and the number of unpaired electrons.

00:19 So first oxidation state of the metal in this complex.

00:29 Now, the ligand ammonia is neutral, right? so that doesn't count the oxidation states.

00:39 So if you have three of chloride, we know that chloride is minus one.

00:46 Okay.

00:47 So it means that oxidative state is calculated as kubalt, which is x plus minus 1 times 3 of the chloride.

00:57 It goes zero.

00:59 Right.

01:00 So it means that x equals plus 3.

01:04 Okay so this is cobalt 3 plus okay cabote 3 plus now let's look at the yeah so that's the oxidation state and then number of the electrons to determine the number of the electrons we need to know the electron configuration now the neutral cobalt the electron configuration is argon for has 2, 3d7.

01:45 Okay, so it implies that if we have cobalt 3 plus, it lost three electrons.

01:54 So the d of which i lost three electrons.

01:57 So this one is 3d, the number of the electrons will be 7 minus 3, which is 4.

02:08 So it's 3d4.

02:12 Okay.

02:14 Now, the number of the impaired electrons, we use the crystal field theory.

02:22 So the diorbital splits, and that depends on the ligand.

02:27 The ligand is ammonia, which is strong field...