Give the structures and IUPAC substitutive names of the isomeric alkenes with molecular formula

Give the structures and IUPAC substitutive names of the...

Key Concepts

Alkenes

Alkenes are hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of a carbon–carbon double bond, which imparts unsaturation to the molecule. Their reactivity and physical properties differ from those of saturated alkanes, and their systematic nomenclature focuses on accurately identifying the position of the double bond.

Structural Isomerism

Structural isomerism involves compounds that share the same molecular formula but have different connectivities of their atoms. In the context of C6H12 alkenes, different isomers arise by altering the position of the double bond as well as the branching of the alkyl groups.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature provides a standardized system for naming organic molecules. It involves identifying the longest continuous carbon chain that includes the principal functional group—in this case, the carbon–carbon double bond—and then numbering the chain to assign the lowest possible locants to both the double bond and any substituents.

Principal Chain Selection

Principal chain selection is the process of choosing the main carbon chain used in naming a compound, prioritizing chains that contain the highest order functional group (such as a double bond). When multiple chains of the same length are available, the chain with the greater number of substituents, or that provides lower locants for key functional groups, is preferred.

Substitutive Nomenclature

Substitutive nomenclature is the method of naming organic compounds by considering the main chain as a parent structure and naming the attached groups as substituents. This approach ensures that the positions of both the functional group and the substituents are clearly indicated, allowing for an unambiguous structural description.

Transcript

00:03 So here in question number 40, ipc names of isomeric alkenes with molecular formula c6 h -12.

00:13 That means all alkins only, no cyclo -compound.

00:18 One more important thing is five carbon atoms should be in their principle chain.

00:26 So we have to remember all these points which is required for the question.

00:31 And here first we are we have to go systematically for this kind of questions so this is question number 40.

00:48 Isomeric alkenes we have to make and 5 carbon should be in 1 chain so first of all we are making 5 carbon 1 2 3 4 and 5 here same chain one two three four and five in the first chain we are putting double bond in the first and between first and second and in the second we are putting double bond in between second and third and when we are trying to put double bond in between these two then it is same as this one two two and three so these are the two possibilities only for the elkin chain, 5 carbon atoms.

01:48 After that, we have to put the methyl group.

01:53 So first we cannot put methyl group here.

01:57 It is because then the chain will be six membered.

02:01 Chain principal chain should be five member.

02:03 So we are putting methyl group here.

02:10 And in the second compound we can put same chain but methyl group is now at this position and in the third compound if we are putting methyl group here that will be different so we are making it one double bond one carbon one two and three five carbon total and now the methyl group is here and after this coming to the second chain where methyl alken is 2 -pentine and here first we are putting methyl group here in the second chain we can keep the methyl group at this carbon atom third carbon atom and in the next one double bond carbon chain will remain same only the position of methyl group we are changing.

03:38 So methyl group is now here.

03:41 Once this is done, after that you have to put these are the only possibilities if methyl group cannot be here and this methyl group is not possible here also because it is the same one...

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