Given the Prolog facts in Example 28, what would Prolog...

Given the Prolog facts in Example 28, what would Prolog return when given these queries?
a) ?enrolled ( kevin, ee222)
b) ?enrolled ( kiko,math273)
c) ?instructor (grossman, $\mathrm{X}$ )
d) ?instructor ( $\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{Cs} 301)$
e) ?teaches ( $\mathrm{X}$, kevin)

Key Concepts

Backtracking

Backtracking is a search strategy used by Prolog to explore multiple possibilities. If an attempted match for a query fails, Prolog systematically reverts to previous decision points to try alternative bindings or facts until it either finds a successful match or exhausts all options.

Variable Binding

Variable binding refers to the assignment of specific values to variables during the unification process. When a query contains variables, Prolog attempts to determine what values from the facts can replace those variables so that the query holds true.

Prolog Facts

Prolog facts are the foundational assertions in a Prolog database that express relationships or properties about entities. They serve as the known truths from which queries can be resolved, and in this context they define relationships like enrollment, instruction, or course assignments.

Prolog Queries

Prolog queries are requests made to the Prolog system to determine if certain relationships are true based on the stored facts. A query initiates the logical process of matching its patterns, which may include constants and variables, against the facts in the knowledge base.

Unification

Unification is the process Prolog uses to match a query against its facts by finding appropriate substitutions for variables. This mechanism checks if the structure of a query is compatible with a fact and binds variables to constants or other terms to achieve a match.

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