00:01
So let me share a couple of cool statistics with you.
00:06
You have about two meters of dna in each one of your cells.
00:14
And you have about 37 trillion cells in your body.
00:22
So if you consider the total amount of dna in your body, that is an astronomical number.
00:30
It is about 70 trillion meters of dna.
00:34
That is something like more than one million times the distance from the earth to the sun.
00:45
So how do you organize all of that? you have to keep it organized.
00:51
Otherwise, division and transcription couldn't occur.
00:55
And that happens through the help of histones.
00:59
And histones are proteins.
01:03
Around which dna wraps.
01:05
So dna wraps around histones.
01:18
Stones help compact dna.
01:21
Dna is negatively charged because it has phosphate groups.
01:25
So it makes sense that histones are positively charged.
01:28
So histones are these positively charged proteins around which dna wraps around.
01:35
And then the dna around this histone proteins, this unit is called a nucleosome, which is right here.
01:44
And then these nucleosomes form these zigzag patterns.
01:49
And then these zigzag patterns condense further into loops.
01:53
And then these loops condense further into the chromosomes that we are so familiar with.
01:59
So histones are absolutely crucial in organizing...