How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus...

How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? Assuming each atom is uncharged, how many electrons are present? a. ${ }_{56}^{130} \mathrm{Ba}$ b. ${ }_{56}^{136} \mathrm{Ba}$ c. ${ }_{22}^{46} \mathrm{Ti}$ d. ${ }_{22}^{48} \mathrm{Ti}$ e. ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}$ f. ${ }_{3}^{7} \mathrm{Li}$

How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? Assuming each atom is uncharged, how many electrons are present?
a. ${ }_{56}^{130} \mathrm{Ba}$
b. ${ }_{56}^{136} \mathrm{Ba}$
c. ${ }_{22}^{46} \mathrm{Ti}$
d. ${ }_{22}^{48} \mathrm{Ti}$
e. ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}$
f. ${ }_{3}^{7} \mathrm{Li}$

Key Concepts

Atomic Number

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is the key identifier of an element on the periodic table, and in a neutral atom, it also equals the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus.

Mass Number

The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. It is used to identify how heavy an atom is, though it does not directly indicate the number of electrons since electrons have negligible mass compared to protons and neutrons.

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers. This concept is important to understand variations in atomic mass and the properties that may result from different neutron counts.

Subatomic Particles

Understanding subatomic particles is essential to comprehend atomic structure. Protons define the atomic number, neutrons contribute to the mass number without affecting chemical properties, and electrons are involved in chemical reactions. In an uncharged atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons, ensuring electrical neutrality.

Neutral Atoms

Neutral atoms have no overall electrical charge, which means the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus equals the number of protons inside the nucleus. This balance is crucial for the chemical stability and reactivity of the atom.

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