Hydrogen fluoride is used in the manufacture of Freons...

Hydrogen fluoride is used in the manufacture of Freons (which destroy ozone in the stratosphere) and in the production of aluminum metal. It is prepared by the reaction$$\mathrm{CaF}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}+2 \mathrm{HF}$$ In one process, $6.00 \mathrm{~kg}$ of $\mathrm{CaF}_{2}$ are treated with an excess of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ and yield $2.86 \mathrm{~kg}$ of $\mathrm{HF}$. Calculate the percent yield of HF.

Hydrogen fluoride is used in the manufacture of Freons (which destroy ozone in the stratosphere) and in the production of aluminum metal. It is prepared by the reaction$$\mathrm{CaF}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}+2 \mathrm{HF}$$
In one process, $6.00 \mathrm{~kg}$ of $\mathrm{CaF}_{2}$ are treated with an excess of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ and yield $2.86 \mathrm{~kg}$ of $\mathrm{HF}$. Calculate the percent yield of HF.

Key Concepts

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It relies on the balanced chemical equation to convert between mass, moles, and number of particles, allowing the calculation of how much product is expected from given reactant amounts.

Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a reaction, thereby determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. Identifying this reactant is crucial for accurately calculating the theoretical yield.

Theoretical Yield

The theoretical yield is the amount of product that should be produced if a reaction proceeds perfectly according to stoichiometric predictions. It serves as a benchmark for comparing the actual yield obtained in an experiment.

Percent Yield Calculation

Percent yield quantifies the efficiency of a chemical reaction by comparing the actual yield obtained from an experiment to the theoretical yield. It is calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100 to express the result as a percentage.

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