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Hydroxyl radicals react with and eliminate many atmospheric pollutants. However, the hydroxyl radical does not clean up everything. For example, chlorofluorocarbons-which destroy stratospheric ozone-are not attacked by the hydroxyl radical. Consider the hypothetical reaction by which the hydroxyl radical might react with a chlorofluorocarbon:
Use bond energies to explain why this reaction is improbable.
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Chemistry 102
Chemistry 101
Chapter 9
Thermochemistry
Thermodynamics
Chemical reactions and Stoichiometry
Drexel University
University of Maryland - University College
University of Toronto
Lectures
00:42
In thermodynamics, the zer…
01:47
A spontaneous process is o…
01:44
Hydroxyl radicals react wi…
01:48
In the Chemistry and the E…
02:43
Although the hydroxyl radi…
03:54
05:11
Hydroxyl radicals can pluc…
08:50
The hydroxyl radical (OH) …
03:19
Free radicals are importan…
01:24
04:11
01:37
Free radicals (see Problem…
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Free radical fluorination …
00:41
02:47
Nitric oxide, $NO\cdot$, i…
01:39
An ester is a compound for…
04:30
Free radicals increase in …
00:53
The oxidation of methanol …
03:24
One mechanism for the dest…
00:22
NO as a Catalyst for Ozone…
01:19
If methanol rather than wa…
given this reaction between ah hydroxy radical and a chlorofluorocarbon used bonded energies to explain why this reaction is improbable. If we draw in all of the bonds explicitly on the left hand side, we have an H bond to see F bonds, two CCL bonds and on the right, we will have in eight o bond in O f Bond, CF Bond and two C C. Elegans. What happens here is that this flooring or that flooring moves and bonds with this hydra axel radical. And so what we need to talk about is the energy of breaking this CF bond and forming this O f bond. And if we look up in a table, what those energies are CF is four hundred eighty five killing joules per mole and O. F is one hundred ninety killing jewels from all where this is the energy released by breaking this pond. And this is the energy that we need to form this bond. And so if the tonal delta h of reaction equals the sum of the bonds broken and the bonds formed, then what we need to take into account is that this it will be a negative number because we need this amount of energy. So the total Delta H will be four hundred eighty five minus one hundred ninety, which will be two hundred eighty five killer Jules promote. I'm going to start a new page, and we're gonna look at this since we found that Delta H is two hundred eighty five killing joules per mole. This means that it's greater than zero. Since Delta H is greater than zero, you can think of this as gaining energy. We're gaining heat. This means endo thermic. If the reaction was XO thermic, it would probably happen, and it would give off some heat. But since the end, the reaction is endo thermic. It needs energy. And because it needs energy, it's most likely improbable, especially since this question deals with the atmosphere. If you look at chemicals in the atmosphere and they need energy, most likely the reaction is improbable.
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