Identify the following as alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkenes, or alkynes: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Name: Problem 24, Chapter 11: Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-06-04T13:32:05-08:00
Duration: 3 min 9 s
Channel: Lottie Adams
Description: Identify the following as alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkenes, or alkynes: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Identify the following as alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkenes, or...

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Key Concepts

Alkynes

Alkynes are also unsaturated hydrocarbons, but they feature at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. The triple bond is composed of one sigma bond and two pi bonds, contributing to distinctive linear geometries for the carbon atoms involved and higher reactivity compared to alkanes and alkenes.

Cycloalkenes

Cycloalkenes are unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond within a ring structure. The cyclic arrangement combined with unsaturation introduces both ring strain and unique electronic properties, often resulting in chemical behaviors that differ from those of acyclic alkenes.

Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons characterized by having only single bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them relatively unreactive and allows them to achieve a stable, low-energy configuration. They typically follow the general molecular formula CnH2n+2 for acyclic compounds.

Alkenes

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. This double bond introduces a site of reactivity due to the presence of pi electrons and also leads to restrictions in rotation around the bond, thereby influencing the compound's geometry.

Transcript

00:01 Here we're just going to be looking at chemical structures and how the name relates to the structure.

00:06 So we've got four classes here.

00:08 We've got alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkines and alkynes.

00:14 So firstly, let's look at alkanes.

00:17 So we know that alkanes are all single bonds.

00:22 For example, we can draw hexane where we've got six carbons.

00:26 We've got one, two, three, four, five.

00:30 Two three four five six so that is hexane they're all single bonds and you can have butane which is four carbons which is one two three four so now moving on to our alkenes we know that they're similar to alkanes but they have double bonds so again if i was to take my hexane example and i wanted to turn it into hexene i would simply draw out the structure again one, two, three, four, five, six.

01:08 Now, i'd simply draw a double bond there.

01:10 And now that's an alken, that is hexene.

01:14 If i wanted to do the same with my butean, which has only single bonds, i would draw the structure again.

01:21 One, two, three, four bonds, carbons, and i would draw a double bond.

01:28 That is now bute -en.

01:30 Now, looking at cyclo -alibons, we know that we're going to have some double bonds, okay? but not only this, but we are going to have cyclical molecules, okay? so i'll start off with my example here...

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