Identify the following elements based on their electron...

Identify the following elements based on their electron configurations and rank them in order of increasing electronegativity:
$[\mathrm{Ar}] 4 s^{1} 3 d^{6} ;[\mathrm{Ne}] 3 s^{2} 3 p^{3} ;[\mathrm{Ar}] 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{3} ;[\mathrm{Ne}] 3 s^{2} 3 p^{5}$.

Key Concepts

Electron Configuration

Electron configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals, following principles like the Aufbau principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rule. It is fundamental for understanding an element’s chemical properties and positioning in the periodic table.

Identification of Elements

Using an element's electron configuration, one can determine its atomic number and placement in the periodic table. This identification allows chemists to infer the element’s behavior and reactivity based on its electron arrangement.

Periodic Trends

Periodic trends are patterns across the periodic table such as atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. These trends arise due to changes in effective nuclear charge and electron shielding as one moves across the table, influencing properties like how strongly atoms attract electrons.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons within a chemical bond. It generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing effective nuclear charge and decreases down a group as electron shielding increases, which is essential for comparing and ranking elements in terms of their electron affinity.

Transcript

00:01 We have given electronic configurations.

00:03 So, with the help of electronic configuration, we can determine the total number of electrons.

00:09 For a neutral element, the total number of electrons are equal to the number of protons and that is further equal to atomic number for that element.

00:18 And on the basis of that atomic number, i can identify the element.

00:23 Okay, so first of all, i have given electronic configuration, argon, 4s1 3d6.

00:38 So, argon represents up to 18 electrons, then 19th electron plus 6.

00:46 So it will be 25 electron here.

00:49 So this means that the element will have 25 electrons and that is the atomic number is 25.

00:57 Okay? atomic number 25 that is for manganese.

01:02 Okay.

01:02 So the atomic symbol for manganese is this one.

01:10 So since it carries 25 electrons and that is equals to 25 protons and that is equals to atomic number 25 and that's for manganese.

01:33 Then we have n .e.

01:37 Neon 3s2, 3p.

01:41 So, neon represents up to 10 electrons, then plus 2, 12, plus 15.