Identify the more acidic compound in each of the following pairs: CHOICES CANT COPY

Name: Problem 16, Chapter 19: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2021-05-05T13:10:09-08:00
Duration: 6 min 9 s
Channel: Temi Ajayi
Description: Identify the more acidic compound in each of the following pairs: CHOICES CANT COPY

step 1 Here we're going to be talking PKK. So if we have acetic acid and we are comparing it to chloroc

Identify the more acidic compound in each of the following...

Key Concepts

Acid Strength

Acid strength refers to how readily a compound donates a proton. A strong acid donates a proton easily, and this is typically quantified by its pKa value, where a lower pKa indicates a stronger acid due to the greater stability of its conjugate base.

Conjugate Base Stability

The stability of a conjugate base is crucial in determining acidity. When a compound donates a proton, the resulting conjugate base must be stable, often through resonance stabilization, inductive effects, or hybridization, to favor the deprotonation process.

Inductive Effects

Inductive effects involve the electron-withdrawing or donating influences of substituents attached to the acid. Electron-withdrawing groups stabilize the negative charge on the conjugate base by drawing electron density away, thereby increasing acidity, whereas electron-donating groups can have the opposite effect.

Resonance Effects

Resonance stabilization is the delocalization of electrons across multiple atoms within a conjugate base. This delocalization spreads out the negative charge, enhancing the stability of the conjugate base and, consequently, the acidity of the parent compound.

Transcript

00:01 Here we're going to be talking pkk.

00:04 So if we have acetic acid and we are comparing it to chloroceitic acid, we can tell that the chloroceic acid will be more acidic because it has halogen here.

00:23 That is electron with drying.

00:26 Okay.

00:26 And the electron with drying groups have been shown to increase the acidity of compounds.

00:35 Okay, so that's while electron donating groups do have the opposite effect.

00:42 Okay, now we have a nitro acetic acid.

00:50 It's a nitro group, and we're comparing it to a proponoic acid, also as a nitro group.

01:05 Okay, so we would actually say the acetic, the nitroacetic acid, is more acidic because nitro groups yes they are very good electron withdrawing groups but the closer it is to the you know the product proton the more effective it is that you know electron withdrawing okay next we have propanoic acid again and we are comparing it to the amino propanoic acid or cetic acid actually okay but it has it's positive has the ammonium ion here.

02:07 Okay, so we know that these ammonium cal ions are amazing electron with drawing groups, so then we know that.

02:16 Okay, this one will be most acidic.

02:20 Okay, then we have benzoyic acid.

02:27 And we are comparing it to the para -methoxybenzoic acid.

02:37 So we know that, you know, this methoxy, you know, is connected to the fennel by the oxygen, like as long pairs, that is able to donate into the rink, making it an electron donating group here.

02:55 Okay, so because of that, that is, you know, he's actually decreasing acidity compared to the new, to the, you know, regular benzodia acid.

03:06 So, electron donating group decreases acid...

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