If a child has O type of blood group and the father has B...

If a child has $O$ type of blood group and the father has B type, then the genotype of the father will be
(a) I II
(b) $\mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{A}} \mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{B}}$
(c) $\mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{O}} \mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{B}}$
(d) $I^{B} I^{B}$

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Key Concepts

ABO Blood Group System

This system categorizes blood based on the presence of specific antigens controlled by three alleles. It involves the interaction of I^A, I^B, and i alleles, which combine in various ways to produce the different blood types seen in individuals.

Genotype and Phenotype

Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism, while phenotype is the observable traits resulting from gene expression. In the ABO system, the phenotype, such as the B blood type, is determined by the combination of alleles present in the genotype.

Allelic Dominance and Recessiveness

In genetics, dominant alleles mask the presence of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals. Within the ABO system, the I^B allele is dominant over the i allele, so an individual with one I^B and one i allele will express the B blood type.

Mendelian Inheritance

This concept explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring through the segregation and independent assortment of alleles. It provides a framework for predicting genetic outcomes, such as deducing that a parent with a dominant phenotype may carry a recessive allele necessary to produce a type O offspring.

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