If a closed system would undergo an internally reversible...

Name: Problem 5, Chapter 6: Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics SI VERSION
Uploaded: 2022-02-06T07:41:16-08:00
Duration: 1 min 10 s
Channel: Manik Pulyani
Description: If a closed system would undergo an internally reversible process and an irreversible process between the same end states, how would the changes in entropy for the two processes compare? How would the amounts of entropy produced compare?

If a closed system would undergo an internally reversible process and an irreversible process between the same end states, how would the changes in entropy for the two processes compare? How would the amounts of entropy produced compare?

Key Concepts

Entropy as a State Function

Entropy is a state function, meaning that its change depends solely on the initial and final states of the system, regardless of the process path taken. Therefore, when two processes connect the same end states, the net change in entropy of the closed system will be identical even if one process is reversible and the other is irreversible.

Reversible Process

A reversible process is an idealized process in which the system is always in thermodynamic equilibrium and there are no dissipative effects such as friction. In such a process, the entropy transfer due to heat exchange is exactly balanced by the entropy change, resulting in zero net entropy production.

Irreversible Process

An irreversible process involves dissipative effects such as friction, turbulence, or finite temperature differences, meaning the system is not in perfect equilibrium during the process. While the overall entropy change of the system remains the same as that of a reversible process between the same states, the additional irreversibility within the process contributes to an increase in entropy that is not accounted for by heat transfer alone.

Entropy Production

Entropy production refers to the additional entropy generated within the system due to irreversibility during the process. In a reversible process, entropy production is zero because there are no dissipative effects. However, in an irreversible process, there is a net positive production of entropy that reflects the loss of available work and the inherent inefficiencies of the process. Despite this production, the overall change in entropy between the end states of the system remains the same as determined by the state function property.

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