If the earth stops rotating in its orbit about the sun, the value of g changes at (a) equator (b

step 1 Hello students in this question we have given that if Earth stops Earth stops rotating in its or

If the earth stops rotating in its orbit about the sun, the...

Key Concepts

Effective Gravity

Effective gravity is the net acceleration experienced by an object on the Earth’s surface, taking into account both the pull of gravity and the reduction due to any inertial forces (such as the centrifugal force) arising from the Earth’s rotation. It explains why measurements of g can vary depending on factors such as latitude when rotation is present.

Centrifugal Force

Centrifugal force is a fictitious force observed in a rotating reference frame, acting outward from the axis of rotation. On a rotating Earth, this force effectively reduces the gravitational acceleration experienced by objects, particularly at the equator, where the rotation speed is greatest. However, if rotation is removed, this effect is eliminated uniformly.

Orbital Motion and Free Fall

Orbital motion, such as that of the Earth around the sun, is a state of continuous free fall, where all parts of the Earth accelerate uniformly toward the sun. Because free-fall motion does not create differential inertial forces on the object itself, the orbital motion does not affect the local measurement of gravitational acceleration on the Earth’s surface.

Non-Inertial Reference Frames

A non-inertial reference frame is one that is accelerating or rotating, requiring the introduction of fictitious forces (like centrifugal force) to correctly apply Newton’s laws. When the Earth is in a rotating frame, these forces alter the effective acceleration due to gravity; if the rotation is removed, the frame becomes inertial and such modifications disappear uniformly.

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