If the relative humidity is 90.0% on a muggy summer morning...

If the relative humidity is 90.0\% on a muggy summer morning when the temperature is $20.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C},$ what will it be later in the day when the temperature is $30.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C},$ assuming the water vapor density remains constant?

Key Concepts

Relative Humidity

Relative humidity is a measure of the current amount of water vapor in the air relative to the maximum amount that the air can hold at that specific temperature. It is expressed as a percentage and indicates how close the air is to saturation, with 100% meaning that the air is fully holding all the moisture it can without condensation occurring.

Saturation Vapor Pressure

Saturation vapor pressure is the maximum pressure exerted by water vapor when the air is saturated at a given temperature. It increases with temperature because warmer air can accommodate more water vapor before reaching saturation, and it plays a crucial role in determining relative humidity.

Temperature Dependence of Saturation Vapor Pressure

The temperature dependence of saturation vapor pressure means that as the temperature increases, the air's capacity to hold water vapor increases exponentially. This relationship is crucial for understanding how relative humidity changes with temperature when the actual water vapor content remains constant.

Water Vapor Density

Water vapor density refers to the actual amount of water vapor present in the air. When the water vapor density remains constant, changes in temperature alter the relative humidity solely due to changes in the saturation vapor pressure with temperature, which affects how close the air is to its saturation point.

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