In each pair, choose the one with the more polar bonds. (Use...

In each pair, choose the one with the more polar bonds. (Use the periodic table to answer the question.) (a) $\mathrm{PCl}_{3}$ or $\mathrm{AsCl}_{3}$ (b) $\mathrm{SF}_{2}$ or $\mathrm{GeF}_{4}$ (c) $\mathrm{SiCl}_{4}$ or $\mathrm{SCl}_{2}$ (d) $\mathrm{SrO}$ or $\mathrm{Sn} \mathrm{O}$

In each pair, choose the one with the more polar bonds. (Use the periodic table to answer the question.)
(a) $\mathrm{PCl}_{3}$ or $\mathrm{AsCl}_{3}$
(b) $\mathrm{SF}_{2}$ or $\mathrm{GeF}_{4}$
(c) $\mathrm{SiCl}_{4}$ or $\mathrm{SCl}_{2}$
(d) $\mathrm{SrO}$ or $\mathrm{Sn} \mathrm{O}$

Key Concepts

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. This concept is crucial to understanding bond polarity as atoms with higher electronegativity tend to attract shared electrons more strongly, resulting in a polar bond when paired with an atom of lower electronegativity.

Electronegativity Difference and Bond Polarity

The difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms determines the polarity of the bond. A larger difference generally produces a more polar, or even ionic, bond. This concept allows one to predict and compare the relative polarity of bonds in various molecules based on the atoms involved.

Periodic Trends in Electronegativity

Periodic trends describe how electronegativity changes in a predictable way across periods and down groups in the periodic table. Typically, electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases from top to bottom in a group. This trend is key to comparing the bond polarities of similar compounds where the bonding element comes from different parts of the periodic table.

Metallic Character and Ionic Bonding

Elements that display significant metallic character, such as those lower in a group, tend to have lower electronegativities. When these elements form compounds with nonmetals, the resulting bonds are often highly polar or ionic in nature. Recognizing this helps in determining which compounds exhibit more polar bonds based on the nature of the elements involved.

Transcript

Please give Ace some feedback