In Figure 13-10, no voltage or current exists in any part of the circuit. Why?

Name: Problem 8, Chapter 13: Electricity 1: Devices, Circuits and Materials
Uploaded: 2020-09-06T12:47:55-08:00
Duration: 17 min 7 s
Channel: Vishal Gupta
Description: In Figure 13-10, no voltage or current exists in any part of the circuit. Why?

In Figure 13-10, no voltage or current exists in any part of...

Key Concepts

Open Circuit

An open circuit occurs when there is a break in the electrical path, meaning that there is no complete loop for the current to flow. Without a closed loop, charge carriers cannot circulate, and as a result, no current flows and there are no voltage drops across any components.

Circuit Continuity

Circuit continuity refers to the requirement that all components in a circuit are connected in a complete path, from the power source’s positive terminal back to its negative terminal. If there is any discontinuity or missing connection, the circuit does not close, leading to the absence of both voltage and current.

Basic Circuit Analysis

Fundamental principles of circuit analysis, such as the application of Kirchhoff's Voltage and Current Laws, depend on the presence of a closed loop. When no continuous path exists, the laws indicate that there can be no current flow and no measurable voltage differences because the necessary conditions for potential drops and charge movement are not met.

Transcript

00:02 Hi, in the given problem there are four registers joined like shown in the figure.

00:10 The uppermost terminal of this circuit is at 36 .0 volt.

00:17 Then the four resistors are joined as shown here.

00:22 This is first of them having a value of 6 .0.

00:27 In front of it there is 3 .0.

00:30 Om then another in series 3 .0 om and here another in series is 6 .0 om then these two the lower resistors are shorted and then ground it so here the potential will be zero there is a middle resistor also along with a switch s this is terminal a and this is terminal b and initially the switch s is open so when switch s is open the resistors 3 -oam and 6 -oam and this 6 -oam will be in series which will get combined to give 9 .0 -oam each so and these two will be in parallel across this potential difference of 36 .0 volt so so same current will pass through these two.

01:35 So if i find the current passing through these two, we can say i1 is equal to i2 is equal to v by r using homs law.

01:48 So v by r gives us for v, this is 36 for r, this is 9.

01:53 So i1 or i2, both currents come out to be 4 .0 ampere.

02:01 Now we have to find the potential difference between point a and v.

02:07 So to find it and we know the current coming here is i1 and current going there is i2.

02:13 So to find va minus vb first of all we find va and vb individually.

02:20 To find va we use the concept of potential difference across this 6 -home and this is this potential difference comes out to be 36 minuses.

02:31 Minus va and potential difference will be equal to potential drop and that is i1 into 6 or this is 4 into 6 or 24 volt so finally this va comes out to be 24 this is this will come out to be 36 minus 24 means 12 volt similarly in order to find this vb we will obtain a relation between potential difference and potential drop across this 3 -on so it will become 36 minus vb is equal to i -2 into r and the resistance here is 3 so it will become 4 multiplied by 3 means 12 volt so vb comes out to be 36 minus 12 means 24 volt so finally the potential difference between a and b will be v a b is equal to v a minus v b means 12 minus 24 which comes out to v minus 12 volts so it is clear that b is at a higher potential so point a is at lower potential as compared with b and having a gap of 12 volts so we can write it like b minus v is equal to 12 volt and it becomes the answer for the first part of the problem.

04:10 In the second part of the problem we close the switch.

04:14 So when we close this switch, the circuit will take a new form.

04:22 So we will have to reconstruct this circuit diagram now and we will redraw it in a horizontal form, not in a vertical form...

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