In pea plants, the allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant...

In pea plants, the allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled seeds (s). In an experiment, when two hybrids are crossed, what percent of the offspring share the same genotype as the parents?
(A) $0 \%$
(B) $25 \%$
(C) $50 \%$
(D) $75 \%$
(E) $100 \%$

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Key Concepts

Punnett Squares

A Punnett square is a graphical tool used to organize and predict the genotypic and phenotypic outcomes of a cross between two organisms. It is essential for visualizing how alleles segregate and combine in offspring, particularly in monohybrid crosses.

Heterozygous and Homozygous Genotypes

These concepts designate whether an organism carries two different alleles (heterozygous) or two identical alleles (homozygous) for a particular gene. In hybrid crosses, such as those involving heterozygous parents, the differences in allele combinations are crucial for predicting offspring outcomes.

Mendelian Inheritance

Mendelian inheritance refers to the set of principles established by Gregor Mendel that describe how traits and genetic material are passed from parents to offspring. It explains the segregation of alleles and the predictable ratios of genotypes and phenotypes in the progeny from specific genetic crosses.

Dominant and Recessive Alleles

Dominant and recessive alleles are fundamental to understanding genetic expression in organisms. A dominant allele masks or hides the effect of a recessive allele in a heterozygous genotype, meaning that the trait associated with the dominant allele will be expressed in the organism.

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