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In Problems 13-46, write the partial fraction decomposition of each rational expression. $\frac{x^2+9}{x^4-2 x^2-8}$

   In Problems 13-46, write the partial fraction decomposition of each rational expression.
$\frac{x^2+9}{x^4-2 x^2-8}$
Precalculus: pearson new international edition
Precalculus: pearson new international edition
Michael Sullivan 9th Edition
Chapter 11, Problem 46 ↓

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The given expression is \(\frac{x^2+9}{x^4-2x^2-8}\). Start by factoring the denominator: \[ x^4 - 2x^2 - 8 = (x^2 - 4)(x^2 + 2) = (x-2)(x+2)(x^2+2) \]  Show more…

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In Problems 13-46, write the partial fraction decomposition of each rational expression. $\frac{x^2+9}{x^4-2 x^2-8}$
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Key Concepts

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Rational Expressions
A rational expression is a quotient of two polynomials. Understanding them is fundamental in algebra as they often need to be simplified, manipulated, or integrated, and their structure guides the approach for further techniques like decomposition.
Polynomial Factorization
Factoring polynomials involves expressing a polynomial as a product of its simpler polynomial factors, such as linear or irreducible quadratic factors. This is a crucial step in partial fraction decomposition, as it reveals the structure of the denominator needed for breaking down the original expression.
Partial Fraction Decomposition
Partial fraction decomposition is a method that expresses a complex rational expression as a sum of simpler fractions. This method is particularly useful for integration, solving equations, and simplifying algebraic expressions by matching the decomposed pieces to the factors of the denominator.
Irreducible Quadratic Factors
When a quadratic factor in the denominator does not factor further over the reals, it is termed irreducible. In partial fraction decomposition, such factors require a numerator of the form (Cx + D) to correctly account for all degrees of freedom in the expression.

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