This overlap occurs head-on, meaning the orbitals overlap along the same axis. This can be represented as follows:
\[
\begin{array}{c}
\text { s-orbital } \\
\circ \\
\downarrow \\
\circ \\
\text { s-orbital }
\end{array}
\]
or
\[
\begin{array}{c}
\text {
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