Indique si se emite o absorbe energía cuando ocurren las...

Indique si se emite o absorbe energía cuando ocurren las transiciones electrónicas siguientes en hidrógeno: (a) de $n=2$ a $n=6$; (b) de una órbita con radio de $4.77 \AA$ a una con radio de $0.530 \AA$; (c) del estado $n=6$ al estado $n=9$.

Key Concepts

Energy Levels in the Hydrogen Atom

In the hydrogen atom, electrons reside in discrete, quantized energy levels, each associated with a principal quantum number (n). These levels are defined by the equation E? = -13.6 eV/n², meaning that as n increases, the electron is less tightly bound to the nucleus. This concept is essential because any transition between these levels involves a precise change in energy that corresponds to the difference between the two energy states.

Photon Emission and Absorption

When an electron transitions between energy levels, it either emits or absorbs a photon whose energy exactly matches the difference between the initial and final energy states. If an electron moves to a lower energy level, the excess energy is released in the form of a photon (energy emission). Conversely, if the electron is excited to a higher energy level, it must absorb a photon with energy equal to the energy gap (energy absorption).

Bohr Model of the Atom

The Bohr model was an early quantum theory that introduced the idea of quantized orbits for the electron in a hydrogen atom. It combines the concept of quantized energy levels with specific orbital radii, where the radius of the nth orbit is given by r? = a? n² (with a? being the Bohr radius, approximately 0.529 Å). This model provides the framework necessary to understand how changes in orbital radius relate to changes in energy during electronic transitions.

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