Integrated Concepts A lightning bolt strikes a tree, moving 20.0 C of charge through a potential

step 1 So in this problem, we are considering a lining bolt, who transferred the amount of charge as Q

Integrated Concepts A lightning bolt strikes a tree, moving...

Integrated Concepts A lightning bolt strikes a tree, moving 20.0 $\mathrm{C}$ of charge through a potential difference of $1.00 \times 10^{2} \mathrm{MV}$ . (a) What energy was dissipated? (b) What mass of water could be raised from $15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to the boiling point and then boiled by this energy? (c) Discuss the damage that could be caused to the tree by the expansion of the boiling steam.

Integrated Concepts
A lightning bolt strikes a tree, moving 20.0 $\mathrm{C}$ of charge through a potential difference of $1.00 \times 10^{2} \mathrm{MV}$ . (a) What energy was dissipated? (b) What mass of water could be raised from $15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to the boiling point and then boiled by this energy? (c) Discuss the damage that could be caused to the tree by the expansion of the boiling steam.

Key Concepts

Electric Potential Energy

This concept involves the work done when an electric charge moves through a potential difference. The energy dissipated in the process is calculated as the product of the charge and the potential difference (E = QV), which is central to understanding energy transfer in electrical systems.

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is a material property that quantifies the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass by one degree Celsius. This concept is key when determining how much energy is needed to heat water from one temperature to another.

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Latent heat of vaporization is the energy needed to convert a unit mass of a liquid into vapor at its boiling point without a change in temperature. This concept explains the additional energy required to boil water after it has been heated to its boiling point.

Thermal Expansion and Mechanical Damage

When water is rapidly heated to boiling and undergoes a phase change to steam, its volume increases significantly. The resulting expansion can exert substantial mechanical forces that may cause physical damage to nearby structures, such as the tree struck by the lightning bolt.

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