Isooctane, a minor constituent of gasoline, has a boiling...

Isooctane, a minor constituent of gasoline, has a boiling point of $99.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and a heat of vaporization of $37.7 \mathrm{~kJ}$ $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$. What is $\Delta S$ (in J $\mathrm{mol}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$ ) for the vaporization of $1 \mathrm{~mol}$ of isooctane?

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Key Concepts

Entropy Change for Phase Transition

This concept refers to the change in disorder or randomness when a substance undergoes a phase change, such as from liquid to gas. At the phase transition, the increase in freedom and separation of molecules leads to a higher entropy, which can be calculated using the relation ?S = ?H/T at the equilibrium temperature.

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to convert one mole of a liquid into vapor without a change in temperature. It is a crucial measure in thermodynamics that quantifies the energy needed to overcome the intermolecular attractions during the phase change.

Boiling Point as an Equilibrium Temperature

The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid and its vapor are in dynamic equilibrium under a given pressure. At this temperature, the energy input is used entirely for the phase change, making it the appropriate temperature to use when calculating the entropy change associated with vaporization.

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