Isopropyl alcohol, C3 H8 O, is marketed as "rubbing alcohol." Its vapor pressure is 100 . torr a

step 1 As vapor pressure increases non -linearly, as temperature increases, we can use the Claudius Cla

Isopropyl alcohol, C3 H8 O, is marketed as "rubbing...

Isopropyl alcohol, $\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}$, is marketed as "rubbing alcohol." Its vapor pressure is 100 . torr at $39.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and 400 . torr at $67.8^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Estimate the molar heat of vaporization of isopropyl alcohol.

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Key Concepts

Molar Heat of Vaporization

The molar heat of vaporization is the amount of energy required to vaporize one mole of a liquid at a constant temperature and pressure. It is an indicator of the strength of the intermolecular forces present in the liquid; higher values imply stronger forces. Determining this value is important for understanding energy balances in processes involving phase changes.

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation relates the vapor pressure of a liquid to its temperature and the molar heat of vaporization. It is expressed as ln(P2/P1) = -?Hvap/R (1/T2 - 1/T1), where P1 and P2 are the vapor pressures at temperatures T1 and T2, R is the gas constant, and ?Hvap is the molar heat of vaporization. This equation is a fundamental tool for understanding phase transitions and can be used to estimate the energy required for vaporizing a liquid.

Vapor Pressure

Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (liquid or solid) at a given temperature. It is a key property in studying the volatility of a substance. As temperature increases, vapor pressure increases, reflecting the higher kinetic energy of the molecules, which facilitates the phase transition from liquid to vapor.

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