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In order to answer this question, which is pretty simple, you're going to have to know about hypotheses and experiments and if -then statements.
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A really good hypothesis follows this if -then statement.
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So if something happens or if you change a variable, then blah, blah.
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The hypothesis is going to explain how your specific variable could affect the data.
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So, for example, here is control cat food.
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Here's a fish.
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We also have a variable cat food.
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Let's say this is made of mice, gross but sure, variable.
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This food has a higher fat content.
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This food contains a lower fat content.
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So our hypothesis could be if cats are fed a higher fat diet, they will gain more weight than the control.
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And then you can explain too...