La lisozima es una enzima que rompe las paredes celulares de...

La lisozima es una enzima que rompe las paredes celulares de las bacterias. Una disolución que contiene $0.150 \mathrm{~g}$ de esta enzima en $210 \mathrm{~mL}$ de disolución tiene una presión osmótica de 0.953 torr a $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Calcule la masa molar de la lisozima.

Key Concepts

Colligative Properties

Colligative properties are physical properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles rather than their identity. Osmotic pressure is one such property, and it is used to determine the concentration of solute particles in a solution based on how they affect the movement of solvent across a semipermeable membrane.

Osmotic Pressure

Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane. It is directly proportional to the concentration of solute particles in the solution and can be used to infer molar concentrations, which is especially valuable when determining molecular mass.

van't Hoff Equation

The van't Hoff equation, given by ? = iMRT, relates osmotic pressure (?) to the molarity (M) of the solution, where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and i is the van't Hoff factor. This equation is essential for linking measurable physical properties to molecular parameters in solutions.

Unit Conversion for Thermodynamic Calculations

Accurate thermodynamic calculations require proper unit conversions, such as converting pressure from torr to atmospheres, volume from milliliters to liters, and temperature from degrees Celsius to Kelvin. These conversions are crucial to ensure consistency with the units used in the gas constant and the overall calculation.

Molar Mass Determination Using Colligative Properties

Determining molar mass from colligative properties involves measuring a property like osmotic pressure to find the molarity of the solute in solution. Once the molarity is known, it can be combined with the amount of solute used to calculate its molar mass. This approach is particularly useful for large biomolecules that are difficult to characterize by other means.

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