Magnetic forces cause an excess of positive ions to flow...

Name: Problem 100, Chapter 19: Physics
Uploaded: 2021-07-21T17:39:06-08:00
Duration: 5 min 18 s
Channel: Vishal Gupta
Description: Magnetic forces cause an excess of positive ions to flow along one side of the artery and negative ions on the opposite side. What is the greatest possible potential difference across the artery?

Magnetic forces cause an excess of positive ions to flow along one side of the artery and negative ions on the opposite side. What is the greatest possible potential difference across the artery?

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Key Concepts

Lorentz Force

The Lorentz force is the fundamental force experienced by a moving charged particle in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. It acts perpendicular to both the velocity of the charge and the magnetic field direction, thereby causing a deflection of the particle’s path. This principle underpins how magnetic forces can separate charges based on their sign.

Hall Effect

The Hall Effect refers to the phenomenon where moving charges in a conductor or fluid are deflected by a magnetic field, leading to the accumulation of positive and negative charges on opposite sides. This charge separation creates an electric potential difference, which is measurable and directly related to the magnetic field, the current or flow speed, and the characteristic dimensions of the conductor.

Electromotive Force (EMF) from Charge Separation

When magnetic forces separate charges within a moving conductive medium, an electromotive force (EMF) is generated across the medium. The maximum potential difference, or EMF, is determined by the product of the charge carriers’ speed, the magnetic field strength, and the effective width over which the charges are separated. This concept is central to understanding energy conversion processes in electromagnetism.

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