Match the following Column-I (a) CH3 CHDT (b) CH3 CH(OH) CH(OH) C2 H3 (c) CH3 CH(OH) CH(OH) CH3

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Match the following Column-I (a) CH3 CHDT (b) CH3 CH(OH)...

Match the following Column-I (a) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHDT}$ (b) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3}$ (c) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}_{3}$ Column-II (p) No optical isomer (q) Two optical isomers (r) Four optical isomers (s) Three optical isomers (t) Two asymmetric carbon atoms.

Match the following Column-I
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHDT}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}_{3}$
Column-II
(p) No optical isomer
(q) Two optical isomers
(r) Four optical isomers
(s) Three optical isomers
(t) Two asymmetric carbon atoms.

Key Concepts

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism is the broader concept that includes both optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism, concerning the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules. In particular, the number of stereoisomers a molecule can have is influenced by the number of chiral centers and any internal symmetry, often calculated by the formula 2?, where adjustments are made for meso compounds or other symmetry elements.

Asymmetric Carbon (Chiral Center)

An asymmetric carbon, also known as a chiral center, is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups. This arrangement leads to the possibility of having two different configurations, which in turn can result in the formation of optical isomers. The number and placement of these centers in a molecule determine the total number of possible stereoisomers.

Optical Isomerism

Optical isomerism refers to the phenomenon where molecules exist as non-superimposable mirror images of each other. These mirror image forms, known as enantiomers, can rotate plane-polarized light in different directions and thus exhibit optical activity. This concept is central in organic chemistry, especially when dealing with compounds that contain one or more chiral centers.

Chirality

Chirality is a geometric property of a molecule where it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image, usually due to the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom. The existence of chirality in a molecule is what gives rise to optical isomerism, resulting in distinct stereoisomers that may have different biochemical properties.

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