Match the following Column I with Column II. Column I I....

Match the following Column I with Column II. Column I I. Coulomb force and gravitational force, both fallow II. In series combination of capacitors III. In parallel combination of capacitons IV. Electric dipole Column II (A) charge on each capacitor is same (B) potential difference across each capacitor is same (C) stable equilibrium (D) inverse square law of distance (a) $1-\mathrm{D}, \|-\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{Ill}-\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{C}$ (b) $1-A, 11-B, I \|-C, I V-D$ (c) $1-\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{ll}-\mathrm{C}, 1 \mathrm{II}-\mathrm{D}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{A}$ (d) $1-\mathrm{D}, 11-\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{III}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{A}$

Match the following Column I with Column II.
Column I
I. Coulomb force and gravitational force, both fallow
II. In series combination of capacitors
III. In parallel combination of capacitons
IV. Electric dipole
Column II
(A) charge on each capacitor is same
(B) potential difference across each capacitor is same
(C) stable equilibrium
(D) inverse square law of distance
(a) $1-\mathrm{D}, \|-\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{Ill}-\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{C}$
(b) $1-A, 11-B, I \|-C, I V-D$
(c) $1-\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{ll}-\mathrm{C}, 1 \mathrm{II}-\mathrm{D}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{A}$
(d) $1-\mathrm{D}, 11-\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{III}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{IV}-\mathrm{A}$

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Key Concepts

Series Combination of Capacitors

In a series circuit arrangement of capacitors, the same charge accumulates on each capacitor because the current passing through them is identical. This concept is crucial when analyzing the overall behavior and voltage distribution in series circuits.

Parallel Combination of Capacitors

When capacitors are connected in parallel, each capacitor is directly linked to the same two potential points, which means they all experience an identical voltage across them. This is key to understanding how the total capacitance and energy storage are determined in parallel networks.

Inverse Square Law

This principle states that the magnitude of forces such as the gravitational force and the Coulomb force diminish in proportion to the square of the distance between two interacting objects. It is a fundamental characteristic of both forces, explaining how they change with varying separation distances.

Stable Equilibrium in Electric Dipoles

An electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field tends to align such that its potential energy is minimized. This alignment results in a condition of stable equilibrium, meaning that any small deviation from this position will tend to be corrected by restoring forces.

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