Match the physical quantities, which are unchanged in the...

Match the physical quantities, which are unchanged in the process in column II Column I Column II
(a) Momentum
(p) elastic collision between two bodies
(b) Total energy
(q) inelastic collision between two bodies
(c) Kinetic energy
(r) explosion
(d) Relative velocity
(s) recoil

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Key Concepts

Kinetic energy

An elastic collision is characterized by the conservation of kinetic energy in addition to momentum. In such collisions, the kinetic energy of the system before and after the collision is the same, making kinetic energy an unchanged quantity.

Relative velocity

In recoil phenomena, such as a gun firing a bullet, the parts separate with velocities that are related by the conservation of momentum in the center?of-mass frame. The magnitude of the relative velocity between the fragments remains constant, reflecting a specific invariant relation dictated by momentum conservation.

Momentum

In an inelastic collision the only conserved quantity among those listed is momentum. Even though some kinetic energy is lost to deformation or heat, the total momentum of the system remains unchanged provided no net external force acts.

Total energy

An explosion is a process in which energy transforms from stored internal forms (like chemical potential energy) into kinetic energy, yet the overall total energy of the isolated system remains constant in accordance with the principle of energy conservation.

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