Match the terms on the left with the descriptions on the...

Match the terms on the left with the descriptions on the right. (a) UDP-glucose ______ (b) UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase _______ (c) Glycogen synthase ______ (d) Glycogenin ______ (e) Branching enzyme ______ (f) Glucose 6 -phosphate ______ (g) Glycogen synthase kinase(h) Protein phosphatase 1 ______ (i) Insulin ______ (j) Glycogen phosphorylase $a$ _______ 1. Glucose $1-$ phosphate is one of its substrates. 2. Potent activator of glycogen synthase $b$ 3. Glucose sensor in the liver. 4. Activated substrate for glycogen synthesis. 5. Synthesizes $\alpha-1,4$ linkages between glucose molecules. 6. Leads to the inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase. 7. Synthesizes $\alpha-1,6$ linkages between glucose molecules. 8. Catalyzes the formation of glycogen synthase $b$ 9. Catalyzes the formation of glycogen synthase $a$ 10. Provides the primer for glycogen synthesis.

Match the terms on the left with the descriptions on the right.
(a) UDP-glucose ______
(b) UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase _______
(c) Glycogen synthase ______
(d) Glycogenin ______
(e) Branching enzyme ______
(f) Glucose 6 -phosphate ______
(g) Glycogen synthase kinase(h) Protein phosphatase 1 ______
(i) Insulin ______
(j) Glycogen phosphorylase $a$ _______
1. Glucose $1-$ phosphate is one of its substrates.
2. Potent activator of glycogen synthase $b$
3. Glucose sensor in the liver.
4. Activated substrate for glycogen synthesis.
5. Synthesizes $\alpha-1,4$ linkages between glucose molecules.
6. Leads to the inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase.
7. Synthesizes $\alpha-1,6$ linkages between glucose molecules.
8. Catalyzes the formation
of glycogen synthase $b$
9. Catalyzes the formation
of glycogen synthase $a$
10. Provides the primer for glycogen synthesis.

Key Concepts

Glycogen synthase kinase

An enzyme that phosphorylates glycogen synthase, leading to its inactivation. This regulatory modification is crucial in controlling glycogen synthesis, often in response to hormonal signals and changes in cellular energy status.

Glycogen phosphorylase

An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate by cleaving ?-1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is essential for mobilizing glucose to meet energy demands during periods of fasting or increased activity.

Insulin

A hormone that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates by stimulating pathways that promote glycogen synthesis, typically through activation of protein phosphatase 1 and inhibition of enzymes involved in glycogen breakdown. Its role is central to maintaining blood glucose levels.

Protein phosphatase 1

An enzyme that reverses the phosphorylation of key metabolic proteins, including glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase. Through dephosphorylation, it activates glycogen synthase and inactivates glycogen phosphorylase, thus promoting glycogen synthesis while inhibiting glycogen breakdown.

Glucose 6-phosphate

A key metabolic intermediate that occupies a central position in carbohydrate metabolism, linking pathways such as glycolysis and glycogen metabolism. It also acts as a regulatory molecule, modulating enzyme activities based on the cell’s energy needs.

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase

An enzyme responsible for the production of UDP-glucose from glucose-1-phosphate and UTP. This reaction is critical in generating the activated form of glucose required for biosynthetic processes such as glycogen and polysaccharide formation.

Glycogenin

A protein that serves as the primer for glycogen synthesis by auto-glucosylating itself to generate an initial short glucose chain, which is then elongated by glycogen synthase. It is essential for initiating glycogen polymer formation.

Glycogen synthase

The principal enzyme in glycogen synthesis that catalyzes the formation of ?-1,4 glycosidic bonds by transferring glucose from UDP-glucose to a growing glycogen chain. Its activity is a determining factor in the regulation of glycogen storage.

Branching enzyme

An enzyme that introduces branch points into the glycogen molecule by catalyzing the formation of ?-1,6 glycosidic bonds. The branching increases the solubility and accessibility of glycogen, facilitating rapid synthesis and degradation.

UDP-glucose

An activated form of glucose that acts as the direct donor of glucose units in glycogen synthesis. It plays a central role in carbohydrate metabolism by providing the substrate needed to extend the glycogen chain.

Transcript

0:00 Hello there students.

00:01 Today we're going to be matching the terms that you see on your left to the descriptions that we see on our right.

00:09 And you can pause the video so you can take the time to match it up and we're going to see if we both come out with the right pairing.

00:21 Have you guys made your decision? okay, so for the first one for a about up, i mean udp, i mean udp.

00:31 Glucose if you said it was active substrate active phase substrate for glycogen synthesis then you are right so you'll draw we'll give a black line you draw there so for b this is used the red one where it says you you d .p glucose a big word, fifofosphoralis, yes, if i said that right.

01:10 With this one, if you said if it was number one for the description, then you are right for c, for glycogen synthesis.

01:25 If you said it was number five, you are right.

01:31 For d for glycogenin i hope i'm seeing that one right too if you said if it was all the way down 10 you are right for e we'll go back to black if you said for the branching enzyme if you said it was number 7 you are right for for f for if glucose 6 on phosphate if you said that if sorry these case still hear me sorry if you said it was number two you are all right oh look at that one and two are red okay sorry so for if you said g was 8, then you're right.

02:41 Oh, look straight across.

02:43 For h for protein, if you said it was 9, you are correct.

02:50 And we got the last two.

02:54 So we got insulin and glycogen phosphoryalis a, alpha, my bad, and three and six...

Please give Ace some feedback