Most barium compounds are very poisonous; however, barium...

Most barium compounds are very poisonous; however, barium sulfate is often administered internally as an aid in the X-ray examination of the lower intestinal tract (Figure 15.4$)$ . This use of BaSO $_{4}$ is possible bessible because of its low solubility. Calculate the molar solubility of BaSO_ and the mass of barium present in 1.00 $\mathrm{L}$ of water saturated with BaSO.

Key Concepts

Mass Concentration Calculation

Once the molar solubility of a compound or an ion is determined, it can be converted into a mass concentration using the molar mass. This involves multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass to obtain the mass of the solute present in a given volume of solution, which is essential for practical applications such as medical diagnostics.

Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

The solubility product constant is an equilibrium constant specific to the dissolution of sparingly soluble salts. It represents the product of the concentrations of the ions at equilibrium, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients. In the context of sparingly soluble compounds, the Ksp value helps predict the extent to which the compound will dissolve in water.

Molar Solubility

Molar solubility refers to the number of moles of a substance that can dissolve per liter of solution before the solution becomes saturated. It is determined by setting up the equilibrium expression using the Ksp value and the stoichiometric coefficients from the dissolution equation of the compound.

Ionic Dissolution Equilibrium and Stoichiometry

When a sparingly soluble salt dissolves, it dissociates into its constituent ions according to a balanced chemical equation. Understanding the stoichiometric relationship between the salt and its ions is critical for writing the correct Ksp expression and determining the molar solubility from the known Ksp value.

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